Ice Cube, Dr. Dre, 50 Cent - Bow Down ft. Redman (Remix) 2025

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Snoop Dogg's New Album "Iz It A Crime?" Coming Soon

Snoop Dogg & Death Row Records Presents: Altar Call Out Now:
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Snoop Dogg, Dr. Dre, 50 Cent - Back In Business ft. Cypress Hill | 2025
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l4e4iJ_SfP0

_____
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Ice Cube New Album "Man Down"

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Redman New Album "Muddy Waters Too"

___
Snoop Dogg, Dr. Dre, 50 Cent - "Back In Business" ft. Cypress Hill 2025 Rap Hip Hop Mix

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☝️This is what few individuals know and do.
But this what makes them a champion!

How’s going guys 👋
I’m Vladimir, professional powerlifter.
Welcome aboard to my international YouTube channel where I share my positive vibe with gym bros and you!
We made the incredible brand together, but it's still the beginning of our global journey, 💪
Stay strong, lesssgo 🚀

Anatoly Pretending to be a Cleaner in a GYM

✅ My Snap Chat: https://t.snapchat.com/FW8IOiA5

✅ My Insta: vladimirshmondenko https://www.instagram.com/vladimirshmondenko/

🎬 My TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@anatoly_pranks

🤝 BUSINESS [email protected]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Some Guys from the video:
https://www.instagram.com/ewel....ina_skorczyk_anthlet
https://www.instagram.com/anna...._fitt_?igsh=OW1sMzB1
https://www.instagram.com/vlad....lena_vrublevska?igsh
https://www.instagram.com/pawe....l_physique_pt?igsh=b
https://www.instagram.com/prim....al_fitnessigsh=MXQxa
https://www.instagram.com/ifbb....pro_jkaliwala?igsh=e
https://www.instagram.com/josef.miller.official/
https://www.instagram.com/ardi....llitalinda?igsh=bGxv
https://www.instagram.com/iron...._stanly?igsh=MTJpcm5
https://www.instagram.com/iron...._tihonova?igsh=dmU4e
https://www.instagram.com/desi....rock_07?igsh=bmVtbHl
https://www.instagram.com/magn....eziaa?igsh=cDd5NXhtc

Gyms:
https://www.instagram.com/gymn....ation_me?igsh=eXkweD
https://www.instagram.com/well....fit?igsh=c2Z2b2R4NG4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


#prank #gymprank #anatoly

✅ My PowerBuilding Secret training program for Home & GYM https://shmondenkovladimir.com

✅Anatoly Merchandise Available Now👕🔥https://anatolyapparel.com/

🍼🥤🍭 My Supplements Brand https://arribanutrition.com

👕YangLa | Best Clothing for Training and LifeStyle
Code "ANATOLY" gets you 30% OFF https://www.youngla.com/discount/ANATOLY

✅ https://anatolyfit.com/
☝️This is what few individuals know and do.
But this what makes them a champion!

How’s going guys 👋
I’m Vladimir, professional powerlifter.
Welcome aboard to my international YouTube channel where I share my positive vibe with gym bros and you!
We made the incredible brand together, but it's still the beginning of our global journey, 💪
Stay strong, lesssgo 🚀

Anatoly Pretending to be a CRAZY Cleaner in a GYM

✅ My Snap Chat: https://t.snapchat.com/FW8IOiA5

✅ My Insta: vladimirshmondenko https://www.instagram.com/vladimirshmondenko/

🎬 My TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@anatoly_pranks

🤝 BUSINESS [email protected]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Some Guys from the video:

https://www.instagram.com/cure.....by.chris?igsh=MWcyM

https://www.instagram.com/mich....aelnicholas15?igsh=M

https://www.instagram.com/amr.....elnimr?igsh=MWI0aThn

https://www.instagram.com/alyona_owlsome_dxb?igsh=N2lwbGp3bTdiMzY1&utm_source=qr

https://www.instagram.com/sole....ja99?igsh=MXAzNm9sOG

https://www.instagram.com/saha....rkhorshidi_dxb?igsh=

https://www.instagram.com/daya....naratv21?igsh=MjZocH

https://www.instagram.com/farz....indarwish?igsh=cjU5Y


Thanks alot to the Gyms, for letting me shoot the prank.
❤️One Love:

https://www.instagram.com/o2_g....yms?igsh=MTdsdTJ3Njh

https://www.instagram.com/well....fit?igsh=c2Z2b2R4NG4

https://www.instagram.com/gymn....ation_me?igsh=eXkweD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


#prank #gymprank #anatoly

✅ My PowerBuilding Secret training program for Home & GYM https://shmondenkovladimir.com

✅Anatoly Merchandise Available Now👕🔥https://anatolyapparel.com/

🍼🥤🍭 My Supplements Brand https://arribanutrition.com

👕YangLa | Best Clothing for Training and LifeStyle
Code "ANATOLY" gets you 30% OFF https://www.youngla.com/discount/ANATOLY

✅ https://anatolyfit.com/
☝️This is what few individuals know and do.
But this what makes them a champion!

How’s going guys 👋
I’m Vladimir, professional powerlifter.
Welcome aboard to my international YouTube channel where I share my positive vibe with gym bros and you!
We made the incredible brand together, but it's still the beginning of our global journey, 💪
Stay strong, lesssgo 🚀

✅ My Snap Chat: https://t.snapchat.com/FW8IOiA5

✅ My Insta: vladimirshmondenko https://www.instagram.com/vladimirshmondenko/

🎬 My TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@anatoly_pranks

🤝 BUSINESS [email protected]

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
https://instagram.com/cyrus_po....ly_clinic?igshid=MzR
https://instagram.com/ifbbpro.....212.anwar.albulushi?
https://instagram.com/antonell....alicciardi_pro?igshi
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https://instagram.com/mbaajour....?igshid=MzRlODBiNWFl
https://instagram.com/ptgiorgi....indxb?igshid=MzRlODB
https://instagram.com/kenz.nfc....?igshid=MzRlODBiNWFl
https://instagram.com/coreata.....fitness?igshid=MzRlO
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
https://instagram.com/gymnogs?....igshid=MzRlODBiNWFlZ
https://instagram.com/anissbin....ousgym?igshid=MzRlOD
https://instagram.com/crossfit....levelup?igshid=MzRlO
https://instagram.com/max_burn...._gym?igshid=MzRlODBi

#prank #gymprank #anatoly

✅ My PowerBuilding Secret training program for Home & GYM https://shmondenkovladimir.com

✅Anatoly Merchandise Available Now👕🔥https://anatolyapparel.com/

🍼🥤🍭 My Supplements Brand https://arribanutrition.com

👕YangLa | Best Clothing for Training and LifeStyle
Code "ANATOLY" gets you 30% OFF https://www.youngla.com/discount/ANATOLY

✅ https://anatolyfit.com/
☝️This is what few individuals know and do.
But this what makes them a champion!

How’s going guys 👋
I’m Vladimir, professional powerlifter.
Welcome aboard to my international YouTube channel where I share my positive vibe with gym bros and you!
We made the incredible brand together, but it's still the beginning of our global journey, 💪
Stay strong, stay humble lesssgo 🚀

In this video, we will go to one of the most legendary bodybuilding spots, Gold's Gym, to prank huge guys and beautiful girls. The makeup team did their best and made an old man out of me. And since I am a professional powerlifter, I will have something to surprise the bodybuilders and bystanders who will witness today's prank. The old man will lift huge weights and do other crazy exercises. Enjoy watching!

✅ My Snap Chat: https://t.snapchat.com/FW8IOiA5

✅ My Insta: vladimirshmondenko https://www.instagram.com/vladimirshmondenko/

🎬 My TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@anatoly_pranks

🤝 BUSINESS [email protected]





Some guys from the video:

https://www.instagram.com/dani....catojong?igsh=em9jbH

https://www.instagram.com/xodo....nita?igsh=bDZodTF0ZX

https://www.instagram.com/gee_....thebodyguard?igsh=MW

https://www.instagram.com/azza....m_azzam7?igsh=b2E3eT

https://www.instagram.com/colo....ssal_erv?igsh=bHdpcG

https://www.instagram.com/spin....neralmighty?igsh=aDE

https://www.instagram.com/iamt....ylerjam3s?igsh=MW1yN

https://www.instagram.com/fitw....ithchelleychellle?ig

https://www.instagram.com/cuts...._by_john?igsh=Mng5d2

https://www.instagram.com/trai....nwithquan?igsh=b3Zja



Thanks alot to the Gym, for letting me shoot the prank.
❤️One Love:

https://www.instagram.com/gold....sgym?igsh=MzRlODBiNW

https://www.instagram.com/metr....oflexlbc?igsh=MTNrNW


#prank #gymprank #anatoly

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1 MINUTE AGO: Cassie Reveals What She Saw Inside Diddy’s Secret Tunnels | Diddy Trial

#diddysecrettunnels #cassiereveals #diddytrialupdate cassie reveals shocking details about what she discovered inside Diddy’s secret tunnels. This exclusive testimony uncovers hidden aspects of the case that have never been heard before, sparking intense curiosity and speculation among fans and legal watchers alike. Viewers from the United States, Canada, and the UK will want to watch closely as Cassie’s revelations could change the course of the trial and shed new light on the mysterious side of Diddy’s life.

1 MINUTE AGO: Cassie Reveals What She Saw Inside Diddy’s Secret Tunnels | Diddy Trial

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The whitetip reef shark (Triaenodon obesus) is a species of requiem shark, in the family Carcharhinidae, and the only member of its genus. A relatively small species, few whitetip reef sharks are longer than 1.6 m, this species is easily recognizable by its slender body and short but broad head, as well as tubular skin flaps beside the nostrils, oval eyes with vertical pupils, with characteristic white markings on the tips of several of its fins. These markings gave it its common name. It is an agile swimmer well suited for its mostly reef habitat existence.

The whitetip reef shark is widely distributed across the entire Indo-Pacific region. In the Indian Ocean, it is found from northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa to the Red Sea and the Indian subcontinent, including Madagascar, Mauritius, Comoros, the Aldabra Group, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, and the Chagos Archipelago. In the western and central Pacific, it occurs from off southern China, Taiwan, and the Ryukyu Islands, to the Philippines, Southeast Asia, and Indonesia, to northern Australia, and is also found around numerous islands in Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia, as far as Hawaii to the north, and the Pitcairn Islands to the southeast. In the eastern Pacific, it occurs from Costa Rica to Panama, and off the Galápagos Islands.

Associated almost exclusively with coral reef habitats, whitetip reef sharks are most often encountered around coral heads and ledges with high vertical relief, and additionally over sandy flats, in lagoons, and near drop-offs to deeper water. They prefer very clear water and rarely swim far from the bottom. This species is most common at a depth of 8–40 m. On occasion, they may enter water less than 1 m deep. Individuals may stay within a particular area of the reef for months or years, frequently returning to the same shelter. A whitetip reef shark can survive for six weeks without food. These sharks are not territorial and share their home ranges with others of their species, they do not perform threat displays.

During the day, whitetip reef sharks spend much of their time resting inside caves. Unlike other requiem sharks, which rely on ram ventilation and must constantly swim to breathe, this shark can pump water over its gills and lie still on the bottom. This species feeds mainly on bony fishes, including eels, squirrelfishes, snappers, damselfishes, parrotfishes, surgeonfishes, triggerfishes, and goatfishes, as well as octopuses, spiny lobsters, and crabs. Whitetip reef sharks hunt primarily at night when many fishes are asleep and easily taken. After dusk, groups of sharks methodically scour the reef, often breaking off pieces of coral in their vigorous pursuit of prey. Multiple sharks may target the same prey item, covering every exit route from a particular coral head. Each shark hunts for itself and is in competition with the others in its group. Like all sharks, whitetip reef sharks rely on electroreceptors in their snouts to detect the electrical charges of nearby prey. Although they are formidable predators, whitetip reef sharks are preyed upon by larger fish, such as tiger sharks and giant grouper.

Unlike its Oceanic cousin, the white tip reef shark is more harmless and is seldom aggressive unless provoked. They are also fearless and curious, as the whitetip reef sharks may approach swimmers closely to investigate. However, these sharks readily attempt, and quite boldly, to steal catches from spear fishers, which has resulted in several people being bitten in the process. Whitetip reef sharks are well-suited to ecotourism diving, and with conditioning, they can be hand-fed by divers.

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has assessed this species as Vulnerable, as its numbers have dropped in recent decades due to increasing, and thus far unregulated, fishing pressure in the tropics. Its restricted habitat, low dispersal, and slow reproduction are factors that limit this shark's capacity for recovering from overfishing.

#Nature #Fish #NightHunting

The Brown Leaf Chameleon (Brookesia superciliaris) belongs to the same genus as some of the smallest reptiles in the entire world (Brookesia micra is the tiniest Chameleon on record).

The brown leaf chameleon is like other Brookesia species, a master of disguise. The brown leaf chameleon is distinguished by its elongated, high, laterally squashed body that resembles a rolled-up, dead leaf. The size and appearance of this chameleon vary considerably over its relatively vast range, and it may be any shade of brown, beige, grey, olive, green, or dark red, but usually display colors and patterns that mimic a dead leaf. Despite its tiny size, the brown leaf chameleon has an imposing appearance due to two pronounced horns that protrude from the head above each eye and four spiny scales that jut from the throat.

The brown leaf chameleon occurs in eastern Madagascar (including the island of Nosy Boraha), from sea level up to altitudes of over 1,250 meters. The floor of the evergreen primary forest is the preferred habitat of the brown leaf chameleon, but it may also be found in secondary forests and adjacent overgrown plantations. It seems to prefer closed-canopy forest and climbs higher in the forest (up to 1.5 meters), more often than other species of Brookesia.

The brown leaf chameleon spends its days foraging among dead leaves on the forest floor, searching for prey with its independently moving, protruding eyes and catching insects with its long, sticky tongue. If threatened, the lizard's first reaction is to stay still and rely on its remarkable camouflage, but it may also exhibit other defense behaviors. This includes the 'freeze and roll' technique, in which the chameleon folds its legs underneath its belly, rolls over to one side, and remains very still, mimicking a dead leaf on the forest floor. Alternatively, the brown leaf chameleon may also thrust its spines to ward off predators.

Brown leaf chameleons have an interesting courtship ritual in which a male approaches a female with pronounced nodding and rocking movements. An unreceptive female repels a male by reacting with jerky movements, while a receptive female walks with the male. After some time walking together, and before dusk, the male mounts the female and is carried on her back until the pair copulates in the late evening or at night. This species is known to store sperm. Between 30 and 45 days after copulation, the female lays two to five eggs, which she hides under dead leaves, moss, and pieces of bark on the forest floor. Sometimes, a true nest is excavated and the clutch is laid onto the ground. The eggs hatch after 59 to 70 days; the brown leaf chameleon reaches sexual maturity within one year.

Like other Brookesia chameleons, the brown leaf chameleon is threatened primarily by habitat destruction, which is the result of agricultural expansion, timber extraction, and small-scale mining. Harvesting for the international pet trade does occur but is unlikely to be threatening its survival. Since 2005, export quotas have been set at 200 individuals per year.

The brown leaf chameleon is listed on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), meaning that trade in this species should be carefully controlled to be compatible with their survival. It is also known to occur in a number of protected areas, including Befotaka-Midongy National Park, Mantadia National Park, Analamazoatra Special Reserve,[6] and Kalambatitra Special Reserve. Although illegal harvesting and other activities that degrade the forest habitat may lessen any benefits this bestows, this species is more tolerant of forest disturbance than other leaf chameleons.

#Wildlife #Rainforest #Madagascar

Philippine eagles (Pithecophaga jefferyi) are endemic to the Philippines. The species is found primarily in the forest of four islands, namely, Eastern Luzon island, Samar island, Leyte island, and Mindanao island. The majority of these birds are found on Mindanao Island. While the population is fewer on other islands. This is the national bird of the Philippines. Among the rarest and most powerful birds in the world, the Philippine eagle has been declared the Philippine national bird. This eagle, because of its size and rarity, is also a highly desired bird for birdwatchers.

A Philippine eagle has distinguishable long crown feathers forming a crest. The bird has sharp bluish eyes and a large arched beak. The plumage is rich brown overall, and the feathers are pale towards the end. The wing underparts are also creamy white. The legs are strong with large claws. The bird looks beautiful with a contrasting white belly and yellow feet, and powerful dark claws. The females are heavier than the males. In terms of length and wingspan, this species is one of the largest eagles in the world. It is 60-95cm long. Typically a female is observed to be larger than the males. An adult female weighs around 6.5kg, and an adult male weighs around 4.5kg.

This bird is an agile flier and can fly at a speed of 49.7 mph. Moreover, the bird is said to take on unsuspecting prey without breaking its flight. These birds' eyesight is eight times more powerful than human eyesight.

Philippine eagles communicate vocally and the most frequently heard noises include loud, high-pitched whistles ending with inflections in pitch. When begging for food, juveniles are known to produce a series of high-pitched calls.

Philippine eagles are generally solitary and spend time singly on in breeding pairs. They are active during the day and at night they rest. Philippine eagles primarily use two hunting techniques. One is still-hunting, in which they watch for prey activity while sitting almost motionlessly on a branch near the canopy. The other is perch-hunting, which entails periodically gliding from one perch to another. While perch-hunting, they often work their way gradually down from the canopy on down the branches, and if not successful in finding prey in their initial foray, they fly or circle back up to the top of the trees to work them again.

The Philippine eagle is at the top of the food chain. These birds of prey are carnivorous, and these birds’ diet includes many animals. Their diet includes monkeys, birds, flying foxes, giant cloud rats, Asian palm civets, flying squirrels, tree squirrels, fruit bats, reptiles (large snakes and lizards), and even other birds of prey. They will also feed on flying lemurs in some locations and have been reported to capture even young pigs and small dogs.

Philippine eagles are monogamous and once paired, a couple remains together for the rest of their lives. If one dies, the remaining eagle often searches for a new mate to replace the one lost. The Philippine eagle reproduces by sexual reproduction. The female reaches sexual maturity at the age of five, and the male bird reaches sexual maturity at seven years of age. They build their nests on trees and need a large area to rear their young ones. A female lays a single egg in the nest after breeding. Both partners incubate the egg for around two months. After the eaglet hatches out, the male eagle does the hunting and feeds the young for more than a month while the female sticks around the nest, protecting it. But as such, the eaglet stays with its parents for more than a year and a half before being on its own. This is the reason this eagle species breeding season is in alternate years. And the rate of growth in their population is also low since birds lay a single egg only in alternate years. They are monogamous species and mate for a lifetime. And if one of the partners dies for some reason, they search for a new mate. Each breeding pair requires a large home range to successfully raise a chick, thus the species is extremely vulnerable to deforestation.

According to the IUCN Red List, the conservation status of the Philippine eagle is Critically Endangered. At the top of the food chain, the species are an important part of the ecosystem creating a subtle balance in its territory. Humans are the major threat to this species. Massive deforestation in their range has been done, causing the population decline of these birds due to habitat loss. The killing of this bird is a punishable offense in the Philippines. Killing a Philippine eagle is punishable under Philippine law by up to 12 years in prison and heavy fines.

#Wildlife #Monkey #Rainforest

The caracal (Caracal caracal) is a medium-sized wild cat native to Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, and arid areas of Pakistan and northwestern India.

Caracals live in diverse habitats. They can be found in woodlands, scrub forests, plains, rocky hills, and thickets. They prefer edge habitats, like a transition of a forest/grassland. Caracals can be found at elevations over 3000 meters in the Ethiopian mountains of Ethiopia in Africa. They prefer an arid climate with minimal foliage. In the Asian regions, they are found in forests and seldom live in tropical or desert environments.

The name 'caracal' was termed after the Turkish word 'Karrah-kulak', which means 'black ear'. The function of these ear tufts is still a mystery, but often zookeepers have noticed them communicating with their ear tufts. Like other cats, the caracal meows, growls, hisses, spits, and purr.

The caracal is a slender, moderately sized cat characterized by a robust build, a short face, long canine teeth, tufted ears, and long legs. The coat is uniformly reddish tan or sandy, though black caracals are also known. , while the ventral parts are lighter with small reddish markings. The underbelly and the insides of the legs are lighter, often with small reddish markings. The fur, soft, short, and dense, grows coarser in the summer. It reaches 40–50 cm at the shoulder and weighs 8–19 kg. The caracal is sexually dimorphic; the females are smaller than the males in most bodily parameters.

The closest relative to the Caracal cat is the Serval. They are of the same size but live in different habitats. Servals like humid weather, whereas Caracals live in dry, desert environments. Caracals, sometimes called desert lynx, are not members of the lynx family though many people confuse them with lynx because of their ear tufts.

They are opportunistic hunters and hunt whatever they find, from small animals like mongooses to large animals like deers, sprinting after mongooses, rodents, hyraxes, dik-diks, and monkeys. Occasionally, caracals kill mammals as large as an impala or young kudu and may attack domestic livestock.

The Caracals are known for being the fastest of the smaller wild cats and are extremely powerful hunters. It can run at speeds of up to 50mph. Its speed and agility make it an efficient hunter, able to take down prey two to three times its size. and with footpads cushioned by stiff fur, they make practically no noise as they sprint toward targets. Tufts of hair on the tips of a caracal’s ears may enhance their hearing, making it easier for the cat to listen for prey. The powerful hind legs allow it to leap more than 3 m in the air to catch birds on the wing. It can even twist and change its direction mid-air.

It stalks its prey until it is within 5 m, following which it can launch into a sprint. While large prey such as antelopes is suffocated by a throat bite, smaller prey is killed by a bite on the back of the neck. It often has to compete with foxes, wolves, leopards, and hyaenas for prey.

Caracals are generally solitary, patrolling, and aggressively defending their territory. Most caracals come together only to mate. Females advertise their readiness to mate with urine marking, and responding males will fight for access. Pregnancy lasts up to about 2.5 months, and mothers typically use abandoned porcupine burrows and rock crevices for maternal dens. Litters average around three kittens, with six being the maximum. Kittens are born blind and deaf. Their eyes will open at about 10 days old, around the same time their incisors first become visible. Females raise the kittens without help from the males, nursing the kittens for four to six months, though kittens can eat meat by the time they’re a month old. By this time, they can scamper about and follow their mother to learn hunting skills and how to fend for themselves. By nine or 10 months old, kittens are ready to leave their mothers. Both sexes become sexually mature by the time they are one year old and breed throughout the year. In the wild, these cats have a lifespan of 10-12 years. Whereas in captivity, with a good diet and care, they can live for as long as 20 years.

The caracal appears to have been religiously significant in the ancient Egyptian culture, as it occurs in paintings and as bronze figurines; sculptures are thought to have guarded the tombs of pharaohs. Embalmed caracals have also been discovered.

The caracal is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 2002, as it is widely distributed in over 50 range countries, where the threats to caracal populations vary in extent. Habitat loss due to agricultural expansion, the building of roads and settlements is a major threat in all range countries. Local people kill caracals to protect livestock, or in retaliation for its preying on small livestock. Additionally, it is threatened by hunting for the pet trade.

#Wildlife #WildCats #SociableWeaver

The lemon shark (Negaprion brevirostris) is a species of shark from the family Carcharhinidae. The Lemon shark lives in the tropical and subtropical waters of the coastal areas of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Lemon sharks are named for the yellow-brown skin that helps them camouflage in the sandy, tropical waters they inhabit. They stay in moderately shallow water, normally going no deeper than 80 meters. They are often found in shallow waters near coasts and islands, by coral reefs, mangroves, bays, and sometimes even river mouths.

The lemon shark commonly attains a length of 2.4 to 3.1 m and a weight up to 90 kg by adulthood. They are slightly smaller in size than the whale shark, which is considered to be the biggest of the shark species.

Lemon sharks have a flattened head along with a short broad snout. They have two equal-sized dorsal fins and their yellow coloring serves as a camouflage when they are swimming on the seafloor filled with sand.

Like any other species of shark, have electroreceptors concentrated in their heads, called the ampullae of Lorenzini. These receptors detect electrical pulses emitted by potential prey and allow these nocturnal feeders to sense their prey in the dark. The skin of female lemon sharks is almost three times thicker than that of males.

The lemon shark is viviparous, meaning it gives birth to live young rather than eggs. Embryos develop inside the mother for up to 12 months until the female seeks shelter in a shallow nursery during spring or summer to give birth. A litter of lemon sharks may be as large as 17 pups. Pups remain in the nursery for several years, sheltered from larger predators, and feed on nutrients from nearby mangroves.

The mangrove areas that lemon sharks inhabit are often referred to as their nursery sites. Nursery grounds can be defined generally as habitats that enhance the growth and survival of juveniles. A nursery site is best defined as the most common area sharks are encountered, the location sharks tend to remain after birth or frequently return to, and the habitat used by shark groups repeatedly for several years. Lemon sharks display natal philopatry, whereby a mother will return to where she was born to have her own pups.

One theory is that lemon sharks select mangrove habitats due to the abundance of prey that resides there, while another theory posits that mangroves provide a safe haven from adult lemon sharks that occasionally feed on juvenile sharks and are unable to enter the shallow waters.

Lemon sharks reach sexual maturity at around 6 years of age and may live for up to 27 years. Female sharks deposit their pups in shallow, coastal waters, and they live in these reef and mangrove nurseries for up to four years. As adults, they move to deeper waters of up to about 90 meters deep.

When it comes to hunting, the Lemon shark is known to be very patient. They are able to use their yellow coloring to help them successfully hide in their natural habitat. They are often found swimming along the sand of the bottom of the water so they blend in easily. This makes it easy to hide from predators and also to be able to find prey.

The Lemon shark's diet consists mainly of bony fish and crustaceans. Catfish, mullet, jacks, croakers, porcupine fish, cowfish, guitarfish, stingrays, eagle rays, crabs, and crayfish make up most of the Lemon shark's diet. Also, this species will eat sea birds and smaller sharks. Lemon sharks will eat until full with the rate of digestion depending on the amount of food consumed at a single time. Intraspecific predation, or cannibalism, of juvenile lemon sharks by larger conspecifics, has also been documented.

They also tend to prefer prey when it is more abundant and available. Lemon sharks feed selectively on species that are slower and more easily captured by using a stalking technique.

Lemon sharks are known to be social creatures, who move in groups or loose aggregations. They form groups based on similar size or sex. Living in groups helps to enhance their communication further and intensifies courtship and predatory behavior.

Since Lemon sharks can blend into their surroundings so well. they are able to do fairly well in captivity. That is not usually the case with species of sharks.

Lemon sharks do not represent a large threat to humans. The International Shark Attack File lists 10 unprovoked lemon shark bites, none of which were fatal.

Lemon sharks are listed as a 'near threatened' species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The destruction of the mangrove, which is one of their primary habitats, and the practice of 'shark finning, a practice where their dorsal fins are used to make fin soup and eaten by several communities, have decreased their number form the world gradually. They have also been killed for their meat which is considered a delicacy in several communities and their skin which is used for leather by humans.

#Nature #Mangrove # #NurseryGrounds

Harris's hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus), formerly known as the bay-winged hawk or dusky hawk, and known in Latin America as peuco, is a medium-large bird of prey that breeds from the southwestern United States south to Chile, central Argentina, and Brazil.

The Harris's hawk is notable for its behavior of hunting cooperatively in packs consisting of tolerant groups, while other raptors often hunt alone. Harris hawks' social nature has been attributed to their intelligence, which makes them easy to train and has made them a popular bird for use in falconry.

The diet of Harris's hawk consists of small creatures including birds, lizards, mammals, and large insects. Harris's hawks hunt in cooperative groups of two to six. This is believed to be an adaptation to the lack of prey in the desert climate in which they live. Because it often hunts in groups, Harris's hawk can also take down larger prey. In one hunting technique, a small group flies ahead and scouts, then another group member flies ahead and scouts and this continues until the prey is bagged and shared. Harris's hawks will often chase prey on foot and are quite fast on the ground and their long, yellow legs are adapted for this. Groups of Harris's hawks tend to be more successful at capturing prey than lone hawks.

Harris's hawks are permanent residents and do not migrate. Harris's Hawks occur in semiopen desert lowlands—often among mesquite, paloverde, saguaro, and organ pipe cactus. They also frequent urban and suburban areas because these areas offer easy access to water and food (pigeons).

This species occurs in relatively stable groups. A dominance hierarchy occurs in Harris's hawks, wherein the mature female is the dominant bird, followed by the adult male and then the young of previous years. Groups typically include from 2 to 7 birds. Not only do birds cooperate in hunting, but they also assist in the nesting process. They nest in small trees, shrubby growth, or cacti. The nests are often compact, made of sticks, plant roots, and stems, and are often lined with leaves, moss, bark, and plant roots. No other bird of prey is known to hunt in groups as routinely as this species.

No accounts show predation on adults in the United States and Harris's hawk may be considered an apex predator. The Harris's Hawk isn't threatened by too many natural predators. They may fall prey to Great-horned Owls or the occasional coyote, and ravens may try to steal eggs or young from nests. But because they live in family groups, they have many eyes looking out for predators, which helps everyone stay safe.

Since about 1980, Harris's hawks have been increasingly used in falconry, They are one of the easiest to train and the most social. The ability of the Harris hawk to coordinate as a group to drive their prey into a trap demonstrates their intelligence and co-dependency; they are quick to learn and, therefore, easy to train. It is a combination of these factors that make the Harris hawk an excellent choice for the falconer and - therefore - the most popular bird of prey used in UK falconry today. Trained Harris's hawks have been used to remove an unwanted pigeon population from London's Trafalgar Square, and from the tennis courts at Wimbledon. Trained Harris hawks have been used for bird abatement by falconers in the United States at various locations including resorts and industrial sites.

#SonoranDesert #GroundSquirrel #SaguaroCactus